Maharani shree Nandkuvaraba Mahila Arts and Commerce College
Name : Chudasama Hetanshi
Subject : English
Sem : 6
Year : T. Y. B. A
Teacher name : Shivani Ma'am
Paper name : AEC
Home Assignment : Basic of Communication
Class Assignment : Proxemics of communication , Paralinguistics communication
Essay : Purpose of Presentation
Home Assignment :
Basics of communication :
https://share.google/w9PSLwqKyvbxh3P4S
Introduction :
Communication means one sends the message and another receives this message and interprets and evaluates after that he gives a reply to this message. This is called communication process. Communication can be verbal or non verbal. With the help of this process we can interact with each other and exchange ideas, messages, feelings and emotions.
Definition of the communication :
Communication means send information and eveluate and interpreate information after receiving this message give effective feedback and reply to the sender.
Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, feelings, or messages between a sender and a receiver to create mutual understanding.
Process of Communication :
The communication process is the step-by-step method through which information, ideas, feelings, or messages are sent from one person to another and understood.
Communication is a process by which people create and share information with one another in order to reach common understanding". - Rogers
Sender
Message
Encoding
Message
Channel
Receiver
Decoding
Feedback.
Source: GeeksforGeeks https://share.google/KRNVGzwqDciJMld4K
https://share.google/0EIyi17P9yC8JG6jj
Sender :
Sender is the first step of the communication process. The first sender writes the message using a verbal or non verbal message. According to the receiver level .
Role :
The sender chooses the clear message.
Their language and medium is appropriate for the receiver to understand.
Example :
In the company, the first boss has clear communication with their employees. They gave a clear message to their employees
2. Encoding :
Encoding means converting or interpreting the message of the sender to understand their language , guester, emotions etc.
Encoding depends on:
● Language ability
● Cultural background
● Emotional state
● Knowledge level
Poor encoding can lead to misunderstanding and break the process of communication.
Example :
If the CEO sends the message to an employee but they can't gain the message or can't interpret it.
3 Message idea :
The message is the information or idea that the sender wants to communicate.That is core of this process.message must be clear or understable.It can be facts, opinions, instructions, feelings, etc.
Example :
Company's boss give the instruction to employe.
4. Channel / medium :
Sender give the message though the channel or medium. There are many type of medium like telephone, face to face , with the expressions etc.
Example : Classroom lecture, WhatsApp message, phone call.
5. Receiver :
Receiver is the person who gets the message of the sender in the communication process .
The receiver should be a good listener, interpreter, reader and capable of understanding the message of the sender.
Example : students received the lesson In the class.
6 Decoding :
Decoding is the process by which the receiver interprets and understands the message.The receiver tries to understand what the sender means. Proper understanding depends on knowledge, language, and attention.
Example : when the company's boss gives the message to an employee capable of interpreting it if they don't know the language that breaks the process of communication.
7 Feedback
Feedback is the response given by the receiver.It shows whether the message is understood or not.
Example: Asking questions, nodding, replying “Yes, I understand.”
Class assignment :
Proxemics of communication :
https://www.communicationtheory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/proxemics-and-its-types.webp
Proxemics and its Types – Explained with Examples https://www.communicationtheory.org/proxemics-and-its-types-explained-with-examples/#:~:text=Although%20this%20concept%20is%20predominantly,light%20peck%20on%20the%20forehead.
Proxemics is the study of how people use space and distance in communication. It is an important part of non-verbal communication because the physical distance between people can express feelings, relationships, and social status.
The term proxemics was introduced by the anthropologist Edward T. Hall, who studied how space affects human interaction.
For example, senior officials usually have larger offices than junior staff. The way we use space can make us appear confident or powerful.Different cultures use space differently. Latin Americans and French people
stand closer while talking, while Americans prefer more personal space and may feel uncomfortable if someone stands too close. Indians adjust distance based on relationships—keeping more distance
from elders or superiors and less with friends.
The way we use space shows:
Intimacy
Respect
Authority
Comfort level
Types of Personal Distance (According to Edward T. Hall) :
Intimacy :
This zone is very comfort and closest zone. This maintain distance of 18 inches. It distance we maintain with our friends parents , lover and close relatives. That show to the care love, and comfort.
It used when we give congratulate, respects and showing sympathy.
Personal Distance (18 inches to 4 feet) :
This personal zone intended about 18 inches to 4 feet. That help build healthy relationship with same age like Coulliggu, friends, employee . It follows casual conversation.
Social distance : ( 4 to 12 feet)
This way of communication used for social people uses the range of 4 to 12 feet. It is used in informal ways like meetings, presentations, interviews, and social work. In this zone, people behave more carefully and formally. Emotions are controlled, and communication is usually planned and polite.
Public distance : (12 feet and more)
It used in public speaking skill like speeches, lecture, and seminar. In this way there are less interaction between each other. Reader and speaker both are maintained 12 feet or more distance. Emotions doesn't require in this process .
To communicate effectively, the speaker must speak loudly or use a microphone. Public figures, like the Prime Minister, maintain this distance for security reasons.
Importance of Proxemics
Helps maintain comfort in communication
Shows respect for others
Reflects social and professional relationships
Important in teaching, business, and public speaking
For example, in classroom teaching, a teacher standing too far may seem distant, while standing too close may make students uncomfortable.
Cultural Differences in Proxemics
In some cultures, people prefer close distance.
In others, people maintain more personal space.
Therefore, space usage varies from culture to culture.
Advantages of Proper Use of Proxemics
Creates comfort :
With the help of this proxemics we make comfort zone in our relationship and communication process
Improves communication
Improve our communication skills with the help of this proxemics
Builds good relationships
With the help of this distance we know our relationship with other people and their emotional impact.
Avoids misunderstanding
We understood the nonverbal communication without breaking this process.
Paralinguistics in Communication
Paralinguistics refers to the vocal elements of communication other than the actual words. It studies how something is said rather than what is said that focuse on speech of tone and words in the communication process . It is an important part of non-verbal communication because tone and voice can change the meaning of a message.Even when the words remain the same, the meaning can change depending on the speaker’s voice.
https://share.google/fZucjrkZP9KYAd1Vf
Definition
The study of paralanguage was developed by linguists like George L. Trager, who explained how voice qualities affect communication.
Paralinguistics is the study of vocal features such as tone, pitch, volume, speed, pause, and intonation that accompany spoken words and convey meaning.These features help express emotions, attitudes, and intentions.
Meaning of Paralinguistics
Tone of voice
Pitch
Volume
Speed of speaking
Pauses
Stress on words
Intenation
Example:
If a person says “Very good” in a happy tone, it shows appreciation.
If said in a sarcastic tone, it may show anger or dissatisfaction.
That depending their speech of tone.
Elements of Paralinguistics :
1. Tone
Tone shows the speaker emotions and their attitude toward the receiver some person during the interview time that focuse on their tone what type of tone they use in their message. According to the tone reflect the person character.
Like Soft tone → Politeness
Harsh tone → Anger
Cheerful tone → Happiness
2. Pitch :
Pitch means show higher and lower voice of speech . Person voice sound guss the situation what happened.
Like High pitch → excitement, fear, or nervousness
Low pitch → seriousness, calmness, or authority
3. Volume
Volume means loudness or softness.
Loud voice → Confidence or anger
Soft voice → Calmness or shyness
4. Speed (Rate of Speech)
That things refers that how can speak person in speed or slow.
Fast speech → excitement, anxiety, or enthusiasm
Slow speech → seriousness or careful thinking
5. Pauses
give meaning and clarity.
Short pause → Emphasis
Long pause → Thinking or hesitation
6. Stress and Intonation
Stress means giving importance to certain words.
Intonation means rise and fall of voice.
Both help express feelings and meaning clearly.
Importance of Paralinguistics
Expresses emotions clearly
Makes speech more effective
Helps avoid misunderstanding
Important in teaching, public speaking, and interviews
Advantages
Improves communication skills
Builds confidence
Creates better understanding
Makes speech impressive
Paralinguistics is the study of vocal elements like tone, pitch, volume, and pauses in communication. It plays a vital role in expressing emotions and making communication more effective. Proper use of voice makes speech powerful and meaningful.
Essay :
Definition & Purpose of Presentation :
https://share.google/NPeoxIwMtsladfb0J
Presentation is the form of medium that gain information in a creative way and easy to understand in a short form .
Definition :
Joseph A. DeVito explains that a presentation is a type of oral communication in which a speaker delivers a message to an audience with a clear purpose.
A presentation is a planned and organized way of sharing information, ideas, or messages with an audience. It is usually delivered orally, sometimes supported by visual aids like charts, slides, pictures, or videos.
Meaning of Purpose in Presentation :
With the help of this purpose speaker want to give information and listerner want to gain information. The purpose of a presentation means the main goal or objective that the speaker wants to accomplish.
Types of Presentation Purposes
https://share.google/njAgZEvgUCEwadPoY
1. Informative Purpose :
The aim is to give information or explain a topic.
Thare many topics for presentation like new business strategies, learn topic, taught communication skills to the students etc.
2. Persuasive Purpose
The aim is to convince the audience to accept an idea or take action.
Example : like exapain products like electric, beauty products, formula of home with map
3. Entertaining Purpose
The aim is to entertain or engage the audience.
Example : Giving a speech at a cultural program.
4. Motivational Purpose
The aim is to inspire or encourage the audience.
Example : Motivating students for exam preparation.
Steps to Define the Purpose
- 1. Identify your audience
- Decide the main objective
- Write a clear purpose statement
- Keep it specific and focused
Conclusion
Defining the purpose of the presentation is essential for success. It guides the speaker in preparing structured content and helps the audience clearly understand the message. A well-defined purpose makes the presentation meaningful and effective.
Edward T. Hall (1966). The Hidden Dimension. Doubleday.
The Silent Language – Edward T. Hall.
The Silent Language – Edward T. Hall.
George L. Trager (1958). “Paralanguage: A First Approximation.” Studies in Linguistics.
Peter A. Andersen (1999). Nonverbal Communication: Forms and Functions. Mayfield Publishing.
Human Communication – Joseph A. DeVito.
Communication: Principles for a Lifetime – Steven A. Beebe, Susan J. Beebe & Diana K. Ivy.
Stephen E. Lucas (2015). The Art of Public Speaking. McGraw-Hill Education.
No comments:
Post a Comment